10 creative pet glass portrait ideas to try in 2025

Are you looking for new ways to celebrate your pet in 2025? The pet glass portrait trend is very popular now. More pet owners want special gifts that show their pets’ unique personalities. Custom Glass Portrait choices are now a favorite. The global pet photography market may double in the next ten years. You can find ideas that make a simple portrait a special gift. Some ideas are playful, and some are fancy. Social media and Etsy show these portraits are great gifts. Pet glass portrait pieces help keep memories bright and clear.
Key Takeaways
Pet glass portraits have many cool styles. Some are stained glass, 3D acrylic, pop art, minimalist line, and nature-inspired. You can pick a style that fits your pet and your home.
You can make your portrait special with colors and sizes. Add your pet’s name or favorite toy. You can also add shimmer or augmented reality for a fun look.
Put your pet’s glass portrait where light can hit it. Try near a window or use backlighting. This makes the colors and details stand out.
Pick a good photo and style to show your pet’s real spirit. This helps you remember your pet and feel happy every day.
Getting a custom pet glass portrait is easy. Choose a style and send clear photos. Look at the sketches and then get your special keepsake.
Top Ideas List
Pet Glass Portrait Ideas Overview
Are you ready to explore the most exciting ideas for your next pet glass portrait? In 2025, you have more choices than ever. Artists now create portraits that go far beyond simple pictures. You can find ideas that match your dog’s personality, your home style, or even your favorite colors.
Many pet owners want a gift that feels personal. LovyCustomPets and other studios offer custom handmade portraits. These pieces show how much people love unique art. You can choose a portrait that uses bright, bold colors or one that keeps things simple and modern. Some artists, like Evi Cundiff, use different glass textures. You might see smooth glass or even glass bubbles. These details make each portrait stand out.
Let’s look at some of the top ideas you can try:
1. Abstract and minimalist styles. Artists use bold lines and shapes to capture your dog’s spirit. These ideas work well if you like modern art. 2. Bright, pop-art colors. Neon greens, pinks, and metallics make your dog’s portrait pop. This style is perfect if you want a fun gift. 3. Mixed media portraits. Some artists mix glass with fabric or paper. You get a textured look that feels fresh and creative. 4. Pop culture themes. Imagine your dog as a superhero or movie star. These ideas make great gifts for friends who love movies. 5. Eco-friendly art. Choose a portrait made with recycled glass or non-toxic paints. This idea is perfect if you care about the planet. 6. Interactive portraits. Some artists add AR features. You can use your phone to see your dog move or play.
Tip: Try creative dog photography before you order your portrait. Use dog photography tips to capture your dog’s best side. You can even shoot dog reflection photos for a unique look. These photos help artists create a portrait that feels true to your pet.
No matter which idea you choose, your pet glass portrait will become a special gift. It will remind you of your dog every day.
Stained Glass Portrait
Artistic Style
When you think about stained glass, you might picture church windows or fancy old buildings. Now, imagine your dog as the star of a colorful stained glass painting. Artists use a custom approach for each dog. They start with your favorite dog photo and turn it into a painting that feels personal. You get to pick colors that match your dog’s fur or eyes. The artist chooses glass pieces that show off your dog’s personality. Sometimes, they add paw prints or bones to the painting. These details make the painting feel special.
You won’t see classic styles like Art Nouveau or Cubism here. Instead, every painting is unique. The artist works with you to create a hand-painted design that fits your dog. They use glass textures and colors to capture your dog’s spirit. The painting might have a bright background or soft shades. You can ask for a painting with your dog’s name or a favorite toy in the scene. The artist uses paint for tiny details, but the main focus is on the glass and how it shines.
Tip: If you want your dog’s painting to stand out, choose bold colors for the background. This makes your dog the center of attention.
Unique Features
Stained glass dog portraits have features you won’t find in regular painting styles. Each painting is hand-painted and built from glass pieces. The artist layers the glass to create depth, so your dog looks lively. You can hang the painting in a sunny spot and watch the light shine through your dog’s image. The painting changes as the sun moves, making your dog look different throughout the day.
You get to help design the painting. The artist asks for your dog’s photos and listens to your ideas. You can pick the background, colors, and even add symbols that remind you of your dog. The painting doesn’t try to look exactly like a photo. Instead, it shows your dog’s character with color and shape. The artist uses paint for small details, but the glass does most of the work.
Here’s what makes stained glass dog paintings special:
Every painting is custom-made for your dog.
Artists use glass colors and textures to show your dog’s personality.
You can add paw prints, bones, or your dog’s name.
The painting looks different in sunlight, giving your dog a magical glow.
The hand-painted details make each painting one of a kind.
If you want a painting that celebrates your dog in a bright and creative way, stained glass is a great choice. You’ll have a painting that feels alive and keeps your dog’s memory shining.
3D Acrylic Pet Glass Portrait
Layered Design
If you want your dog to look almost real in a painting, you should try a 3D acrylic pet glass portrait. This style uses a special layered design that makes your dog pop out from the glass. Artists use six layers of acrylic glass to build up the painting. Each layer adds more detail, so your dog’s eyes, fur, and nose look lifelike. When you look at the painting from different angles, you see new details every time. The 3D effect makes your dog’s painting stand out compared to flat art.
The process starts when you send in your favorite dog photos. Artists study your dog’s features and begin the custom hand-painted portrait. They use high-quality paints that stay bright for years. Each layer gets painted by hand, starting with the smallest details like the eyes and nose. Then, the artist adds fur and markings, finishing with the background. The layers stack together, creating a painting that feels deep and real. This technique makes your dog’s painting look like it could jump right off the glass!
Tip: Place your painting near soft light. The 3D layers will catch the light and make your dog’s painting glow.
Customization Options
You can make your dog’s painting as unique as your pet. Choose from different sizes, like a small 7.5×7.5 inch painting or a big 15×15 inch one. Decide if you want just your dog’s head or a full-body painting. You can add your dog’s name, favorite toy, or even flowers to the painting. Some people like to include more than one dog in the same painting.
You get to approve the painting before it ships. If you want changes, artists will adjust the painting to match your vision. You can display your painting on a stand or hang it on the wall. Each painting comes with a satisfaction guarantee, so you know your dog’s painting will be perfect. This custom painting is a great way to remember your dog and show off their personality in your home.
Options |
|
---|---|
Size |
7.5×7.5 in, 15×15 in, more |
Style |
Head or full-body |
Personal Touches |
Name, toys, flowers |
Number of Dogs |
One, two, or more |
Display |
Stand or wall-mounted |
A 3D acrylic dog painting is more than art. It’s a memory you can see and touch every day.
Pop Art Glass Ideas
Colorful Styles
Pop art glass dog painting ideas bring a burst of energy to your home. You get to see your dog in a whole new way. Artists use glowing colors and bold shapes to make each painting pop. When you choose a pop art dog painting, you pick from the brightest colors. Your dog’s fur can be orange cream, princess pink, or even candy apple red. These colors do not try to look real. They make your dog look fun and full of life.
You might see your dog’s painting arranged in a grid, with each square showing a different color. This style makes your dog look like a star. The painting grabs your attention right away. Some artists use radiant turquoise or mix many colors for a rainbow effect. You can ask for a painting with natural colors, but most people love the wild, vivid look. The painting glows when the light hits it, making your dog the center of the room.
Here are some popular pop art colors you can choose for your dog painting:
Color Name |
Description |
---|---|
Orange Cream |
Bright, vibrant orange hue |
Princess Pink |
Bold, vivid pink shade |
Candy Apple |
Intense red tone |
Acapulco |
Radiant turquoise/blue color |
Tip: Try a multi-panel dog painting if you want to show off your dog’s many moods. Each panel can use a different color for a playful look.
Best For
Pop art glass dog painting ideas work best if you want something bold and playful. If your dog has a big personality, this style fits perfectly. You might have a dog that loves to play, run, or make you laugh. A pop art painting shows that side of your dog. This style also works well if you want your painting to match a modern or colorful room.
You can give a pop art dog painting as a gift. It makes people smile and brings back happy memories. If you want your dog’s painting to stand out at a party or on social media, pop art is the way to go. You get a painting that feels young, fresh, and full of joy. Your dog becomes a work of art that everyone will notice.
Minimalist Line Portrait
Frosted Glass
You might love the look of frosted glass in your home. Frosted glass gives a soft, dreamy effect that makes your pet’s portrait feel gentle and modern. When you choose a minimalist line portrait, artists use clean, hand-drawn lines to show your pet’s shape and personality. They skip the extra details and focus on what makes your pet unique. The frosted glass background adds a calm touch, letting the simple lines stand out.
Artists pay close attention to every stroke. They want to capture your pet’s spirit with just a few lines. You see your pet’s face, ears, or tail in a way that feels fresh and personal. This style works well if you want something that feels light and uncluttered. You can hang the portrait in any room, and it will blend in with your decor. Frosted glass also helps the lines look crisp and clear, so your pet’s features shine.
Tip: Place your frosted glass portrait near a window. Natural light makes the lines glow and gives your pet’s image a soft highlight.
Modern Appeal
Minimalist line portraits fit perfectly in modern homes. You want your space to feel peaceful and stylish. These portraits use simple lines and lots of empty space, so your pet’s character stands out without any clutter. The clean look matches neutral walls, simple furniture, and calm colors.
Here’s why modern pet owners love this style:
You get elegance and simplicity with every portrait.
The art uses negative space to make your pet the star.
Minimalist portraits work with almost any room style.
You can personalize the portrait with your pet’s name or a special date.
The design creates a serene focal point that doesn’t take over the room.
Many pet owners say these portraits capture their pet’s personality without being loud or busy. You can choose a portrait that makes you smile every time you walk by. If you want a keepsake that feels timeless and fits your modern life, minimalist line art is a smart choice.
Fused Glass Dog Portrait
Technique
Fused glass dog portraits bring a special touch to your home. You see layers of glass melted together in a kiln. Artists use clear glass with beveled edges to make the dog’s image stand out. They start by taking a photo of your dog and turning it into a design. Each piece is cut and shaped by hand. The artist arranges the glass pieces to match your dog’s features. When the glass heats up, the colors blend and create a smooth surface. You get a portrait that shines in the light and shows off your dog’s personality.
You can choose from different sizes for your fused glass dog portrait. Some artists offer small ornaments, while others create larger wall art. The process works for all dog breeds. You see every detail, from your dog’s eyes to the shape of its ears. The finished portrait feels sturdy and looks beautiful from every angle.
Tip: Place your fused glass dog portrait near a window. Sunlight makes the colors glow and brings your dog’s image to life.
Personalization
You have many ways to personalize your fused glass dog portrait. Start by uploading a clear photo of your dog. The artist uses this photo to capture your dog’s likeness. You can add your dog’s name to the glass, making it a unique tribute. Pick colors that match your dog’s fur or your favorite shades. Some people like to include a name tag or special background style.
Before the artist finishes your fused glass dog portrait, you get a design mockup for approval. This step lets you make changes and ensures you love the final result. If you have more than one dog, you can order separate portraits for each. Every fused glass dog portrait is handcrafted, so you know it will be one of a kind.
Here’s how you can personalize your fused glass dog portrait:
Upload a photo of your dog.
Choose colors and size for your artwork.
Add your dog’s name or a name tag.
Select a background style that fits your dog’s personality.
Approve the design mockup before production.
A fused glass dog portrait helps you keep your dog’s memory bright and clear. You get a custom piece that celebrates your dog’s spirit and adds beauty to your space.
Suncatcher Pet Portrait

Light Effects
Imagine sunlight streaming through your window and lighting up a beautiful portrait of your pet. That’s what a suncatcher pet portrait does. You get a piece of art that changes with the day. When the sun moves, the colors in your suncatcher shift and dance across your walls. This effect makes your pet’s image feel alive and full of energy.
Artists craft each suncatcher by hand. No two pieces look the same. The glass catches the light and turns it into bright, cheerful colors. Some colors even have special meanings. For example, blue can stand for loyalty, while green might show your pet’s playful side. These colors help you remember your pet in a way that feels personal and warm.
You don’t just get a static picture. Your suncatcher becomes a living tribute. It brings comfort and joy every time you see it. The sunlight makes your pet’s spirit shine in your home. Many people say this type of portrait lifts their mood and makes their space feel more welcoming.
Tip: Choose colors that remind you of your pet’s personality. This makes your suncatcher even more special.
Display Tips
You want your suncatcher to look its best. The right spot can make all the difference. Here are some easy ways to display your pet suncatcher:
Hang it in a sunny window. This spot lets the glass catch the most light and show off its colors.
Place it near a glass door. You’ll see the colors move across the floor as the sun changes.
Try it in a bright hallway. Even a little sunlight can make the colors pop.
Use a suction cup hook for easy hanging and moving.
You can match the design to your home style. Some people pick shapes or colors that fit their décor. Others choose designs that show off their pet’s breed or favorite toy. No matter where you hang it, your suncatcher will turn sunlight into a happy memory of your pet. Every day, you’ll see a new pattern of light and color, keeping your pet close in a beautiful way.
Etched Glass Ideas
Backlighting
Have you ever seen a glass portrait glow from behind? That’s the magic of backlighting with etched glass pet portraits. When you place a light source behind your etched glass, the design comes alive. You see your pet’s outline shine, and every detail stands out. This effect works best in rooms with lots of natural light or with a small LED panel behind the glass.
You can try these display ideas for the best backlighting:
Hang your etched glass portrait in a window. Sunlight will make the lines pop.
Use a lightbox or LED strip behind the glass. This works well at night or in darker rooms.
Place the portrait on a shelf with a lamp behind it. You get a soft, glowing effect.
Tip: Choose a spot where the light changes during the day. You’ll see your pet’s portrait look different in the morning, afternoon, and evening.
Backlighting doesn’t just make your portrait brighter. It adds depth and makes the etched lines look crisp and clear. Your pet’s features will stand out, and the whole piece feels more special.
Subtle Details
Etched glass portraits use fine lines and gentle shading to capture your pet’s personality. Artists use special tools to carve or sand the glass. They create soft fur, bright eyes, and even tiny whiskers. You get a portrait that feels delicate and elegant.
Here’s what makes etched glass portraits unique:
Feature |
What You’ll Notice |
---|---|
Fine Line Work |
Soft fur, clear eyes, gentle paws |
Shading |
Depth and texture in the glass |
Personal Touch |
Names, dates, or small symbols |
You can ask the artist to add your pet’s name or a favorite toy. Some people choose a simple heart or paw print. These small touches make your portrait one of a kind.
Note: Etched glass works well with both dogs and cats. The style fits any home, from modern to classic.
If you want a portrait that feels timeless and subtle, etched glass is a great choice. You’ll love how the details catch the light and remind you of your pet every day.
Nature-Inspired Portrait
Botanical Elements
Do you love the outdoors? You can bring that feeling into your home with a nature-inspired pet glass portrait. Artists use real plants, flowers, and leaves as part of the design. These botanical elements add a fresh and calming touch to your pet’s portrait. You might see ferns, wildflowers, or even pressed greenery around your pet’s image. Each piece feels like a walk in the park.
Here are some ways artists use botanical elements in pet glass portraits:
Pressed Flowers: Artists press real flowers between layers of glass. The colors stay bright and look beautiful next to your pet’s face.
Leaf Patterns: Some artists paint or etch leaf shapes around your pet. This adds texture and a natural frame.
Wildflower Borders: You can ask for a border of tiny wildflowers. This makes your portrait feel like a garden scene.
Tip: Choose flowers or plants that remind you of your favorite walks with your pet. This makes your portrait even more personal.
Pet Personality
Nature-inspired portraits do more than look pretty. They help show your pet’s true spirit. You can pick plants and colors that match your pet’s personality. Does your dog love to run in the grass? Add green leaves or tall grass to the background. Maybe your cat likes to nap in the sun. Use yellow flowers or soft vines to show that calm side.
Here’s a quick guide to matching plants with pet personalities:
Pet Personality |
Botanical Element |
Mood Created |
---|---|---|
Playful |
Daisies, clover |
Cheerful, bright |
Adventurous |
Ferns, wild grasses |
Lively, bold |
Gentle |
Lavender, soft vines |
Calm, soothing |
Loyal |
Oak leaves, ivy |
Strong, classic |
You can talk with the artist about your pet’s favorite spots or habits. They can add special touches, like a flower from your backyard or a leaf from your favorite park. Your portrait will feel unique and full of memories. Every time you look at it, you’ll remember happy times outside with your pet.
Metallic Accent Glass Portrait
Shimmer Effects
Do you want your pet’s portrait to shine and stand out? Metallic accent glass portraits bring a special sparkle to your home. You can choose from several shimmer effects that make your pet’s image pop. Silver shimmer gives a cool, reflective look. It brightens up any room and adds depth to your portrait. If you like a modern or minimalist style, silver works great.
Gold shimmer feels warm and rich. It glows with a touch of luxury. This finish fits both simple and fancy rooms. Gold looks beautiful with both modern and classic décor. Champagne shimmer offers something softer. It blends silver and gold for a gentle, delicate shine. This effect adds warmth and glamour without being too bold. It matches neutral colors and works well in cozy or stylish spaces.
Antique hammered brass shimmer stands out with its unique texture. Artists use a hand-hammered finish and a waxed gold leaf over a dark patina. This creates a rich, warm glow with patterns that catch the eye. If you love earthy or natural colors, this shimmer will fit right in.
Tip: Place your metallic accent portrait where sunlight can hit it. The shimmer will change throughout the day and make your pet’s image come alive.
Style Choices
You have many ways to make your metallic accent glass portrait unique. Start by picking the shimmer effect that matches your taste. Do you want something bold or something subtle? Think about your home’s colors and style.
Here are some popular style choices:
Modern Minimalist: Choose silver or champagne shimmer. Pair it with clean lines and simple backgrounds.
Classic Elegance: Gold shimmer adds a touch of luxury. Try ornate frames or soft, warm backgrounds.
Earthy and Natural: Antique hammered brass works well. Add botanical elements or textured glass for a rustic feel.
Shimmer Effect |
Best For |
Room Style |
---|---|---|
Silver |
Bright, modern look |
Minimalist, Urban |
Gold |
Warm, rich glow |
Classic, Glamorous |
Champagne |
Soft, subtle shine |
Scandinavian, Cozy |
Antique Hammered Brass |
Textured, earthy finish |
Rustic, Natural |
You can also add your pet’s name or a special date. Some people like to include a favorite toy or a small paw print in the design. Your portrait will not only sparkle but also tell your pet’s story in a stylish way.
Interactive Glass Portrait
Augmented Reality
Imagine seeing your pet come to life right in your living room! With interactive glass portraits, you can use augmented reality (AR) to make this happen. All you need is your phone or tablet. Just point your device at your pet’s glass portrait, and watch as a digital version of your pet appears on the screen. It feels like your pet is really there with you.
You can choose from many types of pets—dogs, cats, birds, even reptiles. The AR app lets you see your pet at the right size, moving around your home. Your digital pet can jump on the couch, curl up on your bed, or explore the room. Sometimes, your pet will try to get your attention. You might see a dog wagging its tail, or a bird chirping for you to play.
Tip: Try moving your device around the room. You’ll see your pet interact with different furniture and spaces!
The AR experience is not just for fun. It helps you feel closer to your pet, even when you’re away. You can share the moment with family, too. Everyone can join in and interact with your digital pet.
Tech Features
Interactive glass portraits use smart technology to make your experience special. Here are some cool features you’ll find:
Real-time pet simulation with environment-aware actions, like jumping on chairs or beds.
Notifications pop up when your pet wants to play or go outside.
Some needs don’t trigger alerts, so you learn to watch your pet’s behavior—just like real life!
You can set how long the simulation lasts, from a few hours to several months.
The app uses advanced mapping to recognize your furniture and room layout.
Family members can join in from their own devices.
At the end, you get a report showing how well you cared for your pet.
The app includes learning resources about different pet types.
Noise simulation adds real pet sounds, like barking or chirping.
Feature |
What It Does |
---|---|
Real-time simulation |
Pet moves and acts in your space |
Notifications |
Reminds you of pet needs |
Multi-device access |
Family can join the fun |
Learning resources |
Teaches you about pet care |
With these tech features, your glass portrait becomes more than art—it’s a fun, interactive way to connect with your pet every day! 🐾
Choosing a Portrait
Pet Personality
You want your dog’s portrait to show who they really are. Think about what makes your dog special. Is your dog playful, calm, or always ready for an adventure? If your dog loves to run and play, a pop art glass portrait with bright colors can match their energy. For a gentle dog, a minimalist line portrait or a nature-inspired design with soft flowers might fit best. When you use creative dog photography, you can capture your dog’s true spirit. Try to shoot dog reflection photos or use dog photography tips to get the perfect picture for your artist. The right photo helps the artist bring out your dog’s personality in the glass portrait.
Home Decor
Your home style matters when picking a portrait. Look around your space. Do you have modern furniture or a cozy, rustic vibe? Choose a portrait style that fits your home. Realistic glass portraits look great in classic rooms. Abstract or bold designs work well in modern spaces. Match the colors in your dog’s portrait to your room’s color palette. You can go for neutral backgrounds if you want a calm look, or pick vibrant colors to make your dog stand out. Place your dog’s portrait where it gets good light, but avoid spots with too much humidity, like bathrooms or kitchens. Use frames that match your decor, such as sleek metal for modern homes or wood for a warmer feel. UV-protective glass keeps your dog’s portrait bright for years.
Owner Style
Your taste matters, too. Do you like art that is simple or do you love bold, expressive pieces? Pick a portrait that feels right for you. Some people love large dog portraits as statement pieces in the living room. Others prefer smaller portraits grouped with other art. You can even create a gallery wall with several dog portraits. Talk to your artist about your favorite colors and the mood you want. Both neutral and bright backgrounds can highlight your dog’s features. Choose the size and display method that fits your space and style. Your dog’s portrait should make you smile every time you see it.
Tip: Take your time choosing the right style. The perfect dog portrait will match your dog’s personality, your home, and your own taste.
How to Get a Pet Glass Portrait
Commissioning Process
Getting a pet glass portrait of your dog is easier than you might think. You just need to follow a few simple steps. First, decide what style of painting you want. Do you like a classic look, or do you want something bold and colorful? Think about your dog’s personality and what would show it best. Next, take a few clear photos of your dog. Try to capture your dog’s face, markings, and any special features. Good lighting helps artists see your dog’s true colors.
Now, start looking for an artist or studio. You can find ideas on Pinterest or Etsy. Many artists share their painting styles and finished portraits online. You can also check out custom studios that focus on pet glass portrait art. When you find an artist you like, send them your favorite dog photos and talk about your vision for the painting. Most artists will guide you through the process and answer your questions.
Tip: Ask the artist if you can see a sketch or sample before they start the final painting. This helps you feel confident about your choice.
Working with Pawimprint
If you want a truly special painting, Pawimprint makes the process personal and easy. Here’s how it works:
Choose your favorite style and size for your dog’s painting.
Send 2-3 high-quality photos that show your dog’s unique features.
Pawimprint’s artists create a hand-painted portrait using a six-layer acrylic design. This gives your painting a 3D effect that brings your dog to life.
You get to see photos of the finished painting before it ships. You can ask for changes if needed.
Pawimprint offers a satisfaction guarantee. If you want a small change, they will refine your painting within 30 days.
You can display your dog’s painting on a stand or hang it on your wall. Pawimprint’s process makes sure your pet glass portrait becomes a lasting memory. If you need more inspiration, check out ideas on Etsy or Pinterest, or talk to custom studios for more options.
Choosing a pet glass portrait in 2025 gives you more than just a beautiful decoration. You get a lasting gift that keeps your pet’s spirit alive and bright. These ideas help you find a style that fits your pet and your home. Each portrait is easy to clean, stays vibrant, and becomes a family treasure. When you see your pet’s image every day, you feel comfort and joy. Start exploring new ideas and give yourself a gift that lasts forever.
FAQ
How do I choose the best photo for my pet’s glass portrait?
Pick a photo where your pet’s face is clear and well-lit. Try to capture their eyes and unique markings. If you’re unsure, ask the artist for advice. They can help you decide which photo works best.
Can I include more than one pet in a single portrait?
Yes! Many artists let you add two or more pets to one portrait. Just send clear photos of each pet. You can ask for them to be together or in separate sections. This makes a great family keepsake.
How do I clean and care for my pet glass portrait?
Use a soft, dry cloth to wipe away dust. Avoid harsh cleaners or water. If you need to remove smudges, gently use a microfiber cloth. Keep your portrait out of direct sunlight to protect the colors.
How long does it take to get my custom glass portrait?
Most artists finish your portrait in 2–4 weeks. Some may take longer during busy times. Pawimprint will show you a preview before shipping. You can ask for updates if you want to know the progress.
Can I give a pet glass portrait as a gift?
Absolutely! Pet glass portraits make thoughtful gifts for birthdays, holidays, or memorials. You can add a special message or the pet’s name. Many artists offer gift wrapping or a card to make your present extra special.